NEET Entrance Exam NCERT Biology

👉Golgi body is also known as Dalton complex or Lipochondria . 👉 1st observed by "George". 👉 Morphological structure given by-            "Camilo Golgi" .in nerve cell of Cat & born Owl.  👉 Ultra structure given by "Dalton". 👉 In plant cell it is called Dyctoyosome .  Number of Golgi body:- ✔ 1 in every animal cell. ✔ 6-12 in Plant cell.  ✔ In Lower Algae only one Golgi body are present in her body.  ✔ In Rhizoidal cells         e.g. Chara (few hundred of GB are present) NOTE(1) in vertebrae its position are peri-nuclear. (2) In invertebrate & plant its position are Diffused/Scattered. Structure of Golgi body:- It has mainly 3 element.         I) Cisternae       II) Vaccuoles      III) Vesicles                                            ...

👉 Cytoplasm is a Amorphous & Translucent Structure. Translucent are two type:- 1) True Solution 2) Colloidal Solution 👉 In True Solution Suger, Amino acids, Nucleotides, are present in Cytoplasmic materials.  👉 In Colloidal Solution Protein & Fat droplets are present.  NOTE- Cytoplasm are present between Plasma membrane and Nuclear membrane. Parts of Cytoplasm:- Cytoplasm are divided into two different types.  1) Cytoplasmic matrix  2)Cytoplasmic Structure  👉 Cytoplasmic matrix:-✔  it is a site for metabolic reactions (Glycolysis).  ✔ Site of organelles & inclusion. ✔ Pseudopodia formation (sol🔄gel Inter conversion). ✔ Circular movement of Cytoplasm is called Cyclosis . discover by "Amici" ✔ Cytoplasm is rotate about   large vaecoule is known as Rotational movement this is always unidirectional. (Protoplasm=Neucloplasm+Cytoplasm) 👉 Cytoplasmic structure:- 1) Cell organelles & inclusion body. Lo   ...

The membrane which is out side the Plasma membrane is called Cellwall. Discovered by - Robert Hook - it has outer wall of cell.  -  rigid membrane.  -  provide Strangth of cell.  -  it is found in Plant cell, Fungi, Prokaryot( except Mycoplasma).  NOTE-Mycoplasma is smallest cell without cellwall.  Chemical nature of cell wall-: 1)  Prokaryotic cell wall - Peptidoglycon .  2)  Fungus cell wall- Chitin (homo polysaccharides which is N-acetyl glucosamine).   3)  Plant cell wall- Cellulose . NOTE-In animal cellwall are absent.  Structure of cell wall-: Cell wall is Madeup of 3 layer-:             Middle lamella ( innermost layer )                # Madeup of Ca & Mg pactet                        ।।।            1)   Primary cellwall       ...

*Plasma membrane is also called Bio-membrane/Cell membrane. Properties of Plasma membrane-:  - Madeup of (Protein+ Phospholipid).    - it is selectively permable membrane.   - it is a Dynamic membrane. Type of Plasma Membrane-: These are mainly three type   1) Sandwich Model  2) Unit Membrane Model  3) Fluid Mosaic Model  1)Sandwich Model-:    - given by " Danielli & Davson"    Ques - Why this is called sandwich model?   Ans a)  Plasma membrane are Madeup of Protein & Phospholipid.         b)  Protein are Madeup of alpha-globular structure.           c) Phospholipid are amphipathic in nature. Amphipathic means--each Phospholipid are two end - 1)Head end which is madeup of glycerol and Hydrophilic(loving with water) in nature.    2)Tail end which is madeup of Fatty acid chain and Hydrophobic(hate with water) in nature.     ...

Cell discovered by - Robert Hooke he observed slide of cork structure. This cork was plant of Quercas .  * Cork is dead structure.  * 1stly Robert Hooke discovered- Dead Cell . * 1stly Antonvan leeuwenhock discovered - Living Cell. *Robert Brown - discovered the Nucleus. * Cell theory was given by - Schleiden & Schwann.  # Size of Cell-: 1- Smallest cell-PPLO/Mycoplasma(these are without cellwall).  Note - 1) Smallest cell with cellwall-Bacteria/Prokaryote.  2) -Largest cell - Ostrich egg cell. #Shape, Size of all type of cell-: a) irregular cell-Amoeba & WBC b) Spindle Shape-Smooth muscle fiber c) Rectangular shape- Skeletal muscle  TYPE OF CELL-: 1) Prokaryotic cell 2) Eukaryotic cell 1) Prokaryotic cell-: # Structure of Prokaryotic cell * 70s type Ribosome * cell wall madeup-Peptidoglycon * membrane bound organelles are absent.  * all enzyme present in cytoplasm.  * DNA are circular.          Eg. Bacteria...